Sealant

The materials discussed in this section, in spite of a few exceptional cases, have at least two common features: texture and other textiles.

“Toshibi” is the ability to stick together particles of a material to each other, and “other labels” means the adhesion of a material to another material, while the material can retain its shape.

types

1-Construction adhesives

The manufacture and use of glue has long been commonplace. Many of the old adhesives, such as bitumen and gum, originated from trees.

One of the first discoveries in the field of new adhesives was the recognition of nitrocellulose adhesion. It is the first anti-water adhesive that was made. Today, other adhesives are widely used as a substitute for this substance. At the same time, another glue was created to dissolve rubber in gasoline, which is still used in the construction and repair of rubber products.

The progress of the plastic industry has led to the emergence of new resin adhesives. Resorcinol, polyvinyl acetate, polyurethane and epoxy resins are one of the following. Today, many of the old adhesives, such as animal adhesives, casein and bitumen, are used to paste wood, paper, leather, rubber, fabric and adhesive bindings to attach steel, glass, concrete, ceramics and plastics. Beside these adhesives, multi-purpose adhesives also come into existence. The choice of glue depends on the features, the nature of the application and its cost.

2- Gaskets

Duct is a substance used to fill the joints between two adjacent members of a building for sealing and airtight. The oldest bitumen bitumen is that it was used to sew wooden ships. The vitrified glass is a dusky material. The development of the construction industry, especially the extensive expansion of prefabricated buildings, resulted in the production of gaskets to fill the gap between the various materials, such as metals, glass and building materials. Typical seals in the building are as follows:

A: Mastics

The group of mastics includes dough made of linseed oil, beta oil of isobutylene linseed oil, vitreous glass, bitumen and polybutone coatings. The dough is made from limestone and raw linseed oil, the paste is after a short, dry and brittle, and in practice it loses its elasticity. Dough is most commonly used for wooden window frames. The carbons and polybutadiene are not oxidisable, but after solvent evaporation, they take for themselves and for points like under the seams and their disintegration points or other missing points that form the crust on They are not necessary, they are suitable, medium molecular weights of the type of prolonged prolonged polybutyone remain.

B: One-piece gaskets

Ready-to-use sealants based on polysulphide, silicon or urethane are usually used with a sealing pump. These gaskets are subjected to chemical reaction in normal heat (room). These materials generally remain rubbery after years of being taken. Some require a primer to stick to the window and glass window, and some stick directly to the metal or glass. Polysulphides have good stability against most solvents and fuels. Silicones produce soft stitches that last for a variety of temperatures. Urethanes create lubricants resistant to wear and a lot of chemicals.

C: soluble gas

These gaskets are soluble, they do not undergo chemical changes when taken, they get bent or semi-hard when taken. They are taken by evaporation of their solvent. Most of these materials are collected and hardened during drying. Their properties vary widely, from compounds that remain soft and bent so that they become hard and fragile among these materials.

D: Two-piece gaskets

Two-part (or twin) gaskets are based on sulfide and urethane, which are made up of two parts of the main ingredient and the strainers, which should be mixed immediately before use in the workplace. These ingredients are mixed within a few hours, so they should be consumed immediately after mixing and before end of life. User life varies depending on the chemical composition. In this case, follow the manufacturer’s instructions. The material can be cooled immediately after mixing of the two components immediately to -40 ° C, and then stored at 30 ° C to warm up and be consumed when needed at room temperature.

Two-piece gaskets are produced and supplied in a wide range of hardness. The softest duct is suitable for a place that has the lowest tension and the greatest possible displacement of the members. Suitable mild roughness for locations that are subject to vibration, and hardest rods are selected for positions that are subject to wear.

E: Prefabricated (bending) gaskets

Bending joints made of natural or synthetic rubber, polyvinyl chloride or other plastics are made. These seams are produced in bands, strips, pockets and other profiles by means of extrusion. Pre-fabricated gaskets may be used in glass. These sealants are raw and volcanic. Some types of seals are armed with twisted yarn or rubber to minimize their pulp flow during installation and operation.

And: Prefabricated gaskets

Prefabricated gaskets are made up of natural or synthetic vulcanised rubber. Neoprene is the most commonly consumed material in this duct, because it returns to its original state due to its spring property. To work in the cold, it should be heated to make it easy to work.

It is necessary to recall that to control the depth of materials in the seabed To help keep materials in the seams, to prevent the adhesion of sealing materials to the back of the seam, the bearing of the sealing material in the horizontal seams that are exposed, and the creation of other properties, it is necessary to use a material called a backing. In addition to the benefits mentioned above, these materials can sometimes be used as temporary seals and secondary coatings for some seals. In the installation of glass, the materials of the backing not only fall under the seams, but also in place and lean Glass is an effective window to the window frame. The most important sealant materials are polyethylene, polyurethane, neoprine or butyl in the form of rod, tubular elastomer materials, which are used in vertical seams. Glass jars include bending tapes, activated and non-functional gaskets. Roofing materials for horizontal joints include specially-high-shear sponge-shaped sponges, plywood boards, resin-impregnated fiber boards, and elastomeric tubes or rods.